Antifungal Shampoo: What It Is, How It Works, and What to Look For

When your scalp itches, flakes, or feels oily even after washing, it might not be dirt—it could be antifungal shampoo, a medicated cleanser designed to kill fungus on the scalp. Also known as antifungal dandruff shampoo, it’s not just for occasional flaking—it’s a targeted treatment for conditions like seborrheic dermatitis and tinea capitis. Unlike regular shampoos that clean dirt and oil, antifungal shampoos contain active ingredients that attack the fungi living on your skin, especially Malassezia, which thrives in oily areas and triggers flaking and redness.

These shampoos work differently than antibiotics. They don’t target bacteria—they target yeast and mold-like fungi. The most common active ingredient is ketoconazole, a broad-spectrum antifungal agent used in both over-the-counter and prescription shampoos. Others include selenium sulfide, a compound that slows skin cell turnover and reduces fungal growth, and pyrithione zinc, a mild antifungal and antibacterial agent found in many daily use dandruff shampoos. Each has its own strength, speed, and side effect profile. Ketoconazole is often the go-to for stubborn cases, while pyrithione zinc is gentler for daily use.

Antifungal shampoo isn’t just for people with visible dandruff. It’s also used by those with chronic scalp redness, persistent itching, or even hair thinning linked to fungal overgrowth. Many users don’t realize that what they think is dry scalp is actually a low-grade fungal infection. The key is consistent use—most need to apply it 2–3 times a week for several weeks before seeing real results. It’s not a one-time fix. And while it’s safe for most adults, it’s not always recommended for kids or people with sensitive skin without a doctor’s advice.

What you won’t find in these shampoos are miracle ingredients like essential oils or herbal extracts that promise quick fixes. Real antifungal power comes from proven pharmaceutical agents. That’s why the posts below cover real-world comparisons—like how ketoconazole stacks up against selenium sulfide, or why some people get relief with antifungal shampoo but still need oral meds. You’ll also find stories from people who tried everything else before finding the right shampoo, and guides on how to use it correctly so it actually works.